Inheritance of garden rose architecture and its association with flowering behaviour
Publication Overview
Abstract Understanding the genetic basis of plant architecture
is limited for woody plants due to the challenges of
assessing the inheritance of their complex architecture. We
aimed to evaluate the genetic variability of plant form and
stature in a garden rose population, analyse the inheritance
of plant architecture and its linkage with flowering behaviour
and identify the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling garden
rose architecture. A total of 98 F1 hybrids were derived
from the cross between two diploid roses, The Fairy (TF) and
Rosa × wichurana (RW) that differed in stature and flowering
behaviour. The TF exhibits continuous flowering (CF) and has
erect stature. The RW is once flowering (OF) and prostrate in
stature. Three clones per genotype were multiplied, and a total
of 300 plants were cultivated in a field. Flowering behaviour,
plant form, plant height, stem diameter and internode length
were scored during each of 2 years. All architectural traits had
significant genetic variances (29–61 % of their respective phenotypic
variances), and their broad-sense heritability estimates
were 0.76–0.92. The majority of CF progeny was erect,
whereas the OF progeny was prostrate, suggesting a linkage
between plant form and flowering behaviour. The QTL analysis
identified eight major QTLs controlling architectural
traits. Several candidate genes involved in gibberellin biosynthesis
and auxin signalling were identified in the vicinity of
the QTLs. High heritability estimates obtained for garden rose
architecture indicated that architectural characteristics are feasible
targets of rose breeding. Linkage of plant form and
flowering behaviour, however, prevents independent selection
of these traits. The candidate genes identified can be good
targets for future physiological studies.
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